考虑涉网一次调频考核要求面向风储联合系统收益优化的储能容量配置
Optimal Allocation of Energy Storage for Profit Optimization in Wind-storage Systems Considering Primary Frequency Regulation Examinations

丁杨^*，唐培全，张文奎，王福晶，王俊杰

DING Yang^*，TANG Peiquan，ZHANG Wenkui，WANG Fujing，WANG Junjie
1.华能山东发电有限公司滨州公司，山东滨州256800
2.华能山东发电有限公司，山东济南250014

摘要(Abstract)：

针对风电场储能配置的经济优化问题，考虑风储联合系统涉网标准中的一次调频考核与补偿机制，提出计及涉网考核要求的风储联合系统收益最大化的储能配置双层优化模型。应用典型周内的风电功率数据，上层基于长时间尺度（日前）风电并网分时电价，以电价驱动下储能套利最大为目标，给出储能最佳荷电状态（state of charge,SOC）计划；下层基于上层模型确定的SOC计划，针对短时间尺度（日内）风电功率波动特性，考虑涉网要求下的一次调频补偿与考核机制，建立风电场储能动作收益最大化模型，优化储能充放电策略。采用遗传算法生成储能配置容量种群，调用构建的双层优化模型，进行种群的选择-交叉-变异迭代，综合考虑不同类型储能特性，确定风储联合系统净收益最大下的储能配置容量。算例分析表明，针对不同年利用小时数的应用场景，风电场通过配置锂离子电池储能系统开展一次调频辅助服务具有良好的收益性，所提出的风电场储能容量优化配置方法可有效提升风储联合系统的经济效益。The economic optimization problem of energy storage allocation for wind farms is addressed by considering the primary frequency regulation assessment and compensation mechanism within the grid-connected standards for wind-storage hybrid systems.A bi-level optimization model for maximizing the profits of the wind-storage hybrid system，which considers the grid-connected assessment requirements，is proposed.Using typical weekly wind power data，the upper-level model，based on a long-term time scale，aims to maximize energy storage arbitrage driven by time-of-use electricity prices and determines the optimal State of Charge（SOC）plan.The lower-level model，based on the SOC plan determined by the upper-level model， targets the short-term wind power fluctuation characteristics and considers the primary frequency regulation compensation and assessment mechanism to establish a model for maximizing the profits from energy storage actions in the wind farm.The genetic algorithm is used to generate a population of energy storage capacity configurations，and the constructed bi-level optimization model is called to perform selection，crossover，and mutation iterations on the population.By comprehensively considering the characteristics of different types of energy storage，the energy storage capacity configuration that maximizes the net profit of the wind-storage hybrid system is determined. The case analysis shows that for the application scenarios of different annual utilization hours，the wind farm has good profitability by configuring the lithium-ion battery energy storage system to carry out a frequency modulation auxiliary service.The proposed method of optimal allocation of wind farm energy storage capacity can effectively improve the economic benefits of the combined wind storage system.

关键词(KeyWords)：风储联合系统；涉网考核；储能配置；一次调频；收益优化
combined wind storage system；grid compliance assessment；energy storage allocation；primary frequency regulation；revenue optimization
基金项目(Foundation): 华能集团总部科技项目“风电场发电潜力评估与调控灵活性提升研究”（HNKJ21-HF161）
Huaneng Group Headquarters Science and Technology Project "Research on Wind Farm Power Generation Potential Evaluation and Regulation Flexibility Improvement"（HNKJ21-HF161）

作者(Author): 丁杨^*，唐培全，张文奎，王福晶，王俊杰

DING Yang^*，TANG Peiquan，ZHANG Wenkui，WANG Fujing，WANG Junjie

DOI: 10.20097/j.cnki.issn1007-9904.2025.02.005
收稿日期(Received): 2024-06-28; 修回日期(Revised): 2024-10-11

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