智能配电网全方位一键转供技术
Intelligent Distribution Network All-around One Click Transfer Supply Technology

宋圣兰，张超^*，刘晓亮，李琰，张乃刚
SONG Shenglan，ZHANG Chao^*，LIU Xiaoliang，LI Yan，ZHANG Naigang
国网山东省电力公司潍坊供电公司，山东潍坊261021

摘要(Abstract)：

在极端恶劣天气或电网特殊运行方式下，上级电源失电极易造成配电网大面积失电。传统故障处理模式下，有经验的调度员通过配电自动化系统主站完成十条以上的配电线路恢复供电甚至需要1 h以上。经调研，配电网大面积失电情况下，当故障点不在配电线路时，存在判定发生大面积失电故障难和因失电线路多且联络多导致快速、合理复电难等问题。文中通过打通配电自动化系统主站与主网自动化主站系统接口，实现主网、配电网数据和图模贯通，将变电站侧全量遥测、遥信信息及图形、模型参数接入配电主站实时监测，同时制定配电网大面积失电的判定逻辑并部署到配电主站，作为启动快速复电功能的条件；功能启动后，通过对配电线路失电前负载率的监测计算，配电主站自动给出复电方案，一键执行。测试表明该技术自愈策略简单、方式灵活，运维方便，投资少、见效快，实现了配电网线路负荷由“人工转供”变为“程序转供”，负荷转供用时由小时级降到分钟级，解决了操作慢、用时长、复电效率低等问题，提升了配电网的应急恢复能力，缩短了停电时间，减小了停电损失，使因事故或检修而导致的停电范围最小，对保障社会供电安全意义重大。In extremely harsh weather or special operating conditions of the power grid，the loss of electrodes from the superior power supply can easily cause large-scale power loss in the distribution network. In the traditional fault handling mode， experienced dispatchers can restore power to more than ten distribution lines through the main station of the distribution automation system，which may take more than an hour.After research，it has been found that in the case of large-scale power loss in the distribution network，when the fault point is not on the distribution line，there are difficulties in determining the occurrence of large-scale power loss faults and difficulties in quickly and reasonably restoring power due to the large number of power loss lines and connections.In the article，by connecting the interface between the main station of the distribution automation system and the main network automation main station system，achieving the data and graphical models integration of the main network and distribution network. The full telemetry on the substation side，remote signaling information，and graphical and model parameters are connected to the real-time monitoring of the distribution main station.At the same time，a judgment logic for large-scale power loss in the distribution network is developed and deployed to the distribution main station as a condition for initiating the rapid power restoration function.After the function is activated，by monitoring and calculating the load rate of the distribution lines before power loss，the distribution main station automatically provides a power restoration plan，which can be executed with one click. Tests have shown that the self-healing strategy of this technology is simple， flexible，and easy to operate and maintain，with low investment and quick results.It has achieved a change in the load of distribution network lines from "manual transfer" to "program transfer，" and the time required for load transfer has been reduced from hour level to minute level，solving problems such as slow operation，long time consumption，and low restoration efficiency.It has improved the emergency recovery ability of the distribution network，shortened power outage time，reduced power outage losses，and minimized the scope of power outages caused by accidents or maintenance，which is of great significance for ensuring social power supply safety.

关键词(KeyWords)：配电自动化；配电网；一键转供；大面积停电；负荷转供
distribution automation；distribution power network；one click transfer；large-scale power outage；load transfer
基金项目(Foundation): 国网山东省电力公司科技项目“面向新型电力系统的配电自动化应用能力提升关键技术研究”（2023A-016）
Science and Technology Project of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company "Research on Key Technologies for Enhancing the Application Capability of Distribution Automation in New Power Systems"（2023A-016）

作者(Author): 宋圣兰，张超^*，刘晓亮，李琰，张乃刚
SONG Shenglan，ZHANG Chao^*，LIU Xiaoliang，LI Yan，ZHANG Naigang

DOI: 10.20097/j.cnki.issn1007-9904.2025.03.004
收稿日期(Received): 2024-04-18; 修回日期(Revised): 2024-06-20

参考文献(References)：

[1]张志华，刘健，张小庆，等.面向供电可靠性的城市配电网单相接地故障处理配置策略研究[J].供用电，2022,39(9):27-34.

ZHANG Zhihua,LIU Jian,ZHANG Xiaoqing,et al.Research on strategy of single-phase grounding fault treatment in urban distribution network for power supply reliability[J].Distribution&Utilization,2022,39(9):27-34.

[2]金公羽.广域备自投原理及其动作策略研究[D].杭州：浙江大学，2022.

[3]秦岳.10 kV配电网供电可靠性研究[J].电气技术与经济，2023(10):13-16.

QIN Yue.Study on power supply reliability of 10 kV distribution network[J].Electrical Equipment and Economy,2023(10):13-16.

[4]古卫婷，刘晓波，古卫涛.变电站备自投装置存在问题及改进措施[J].继电器，2007,35(10):70-71.

GU Weiting,LIU Xiaobo,GU Weitao.Problems existing in bus-bar automatic transfer switch and measures for improvement[J].Relay,2007,35(10):70-71.

[5]刘嘉镇.变电站备自投装置的应用与研究[D].广州：广东工业大学，2021.

[6]张宇轩，苏娟，贾涛，等.电力用户对供电可靠性敏感度的评价与分类方法[J].江苏大学学报：自然科学版，2021,42(5):575-581.

ZHANG Yuxuan,SU Juan,JIA Tao,et al.Sensitivity evaluation and classification method of power users to power supply reliability[J].Journal of Jiangsu University:Natural Science Edition,2021,42(5):575-581.

[7]梁廷安.基于广义备自投技术的配电网故障自愈控制研究[J].光源与照明，2021(5):119-120.

LIANG Tingan.Research on fault self-healing control of distribution network based on generalized standby automatic switching technology[J].Lamps&Lighting,2021(5):119-120.

[8]孟建建.配网自动化对配电网供电可靠性影响研究[J].电气技术与经济，2024(1):40-42.

MENG Jianjian.Study on the influence of distribution automation on power supply reliability of distribution network[J].Electrical Equipment and Economy,2024(1):40-42.

[9]鞠冠章，王靖然，崔琛，等.极端天气事件对新能源发电和电网运行影响研究[J].智慧电力，2022,50(11):77-83.

JU Guanzhang,WANG Jingran,CUI Chen,et al.Impact of extreme weather events on new energy power generation and power grid operation[J].Smart Power,2022,50(11):77-83.

[10]周战.电网特殊运行方式的风险管理[J].农村电气化，2008(11):23-24.

ZHOU Zhan.Risk management of special operation mode of power grid[J].Rural Electrification,2008(11):23-24.

[11]程林，刘满君，易俊，等.基于运行可靠性模型的连锁故障模拟及薄弱环节分析[J].电网技术，2016,40(5):1488-1494.

CHENG Lin,LIU Manjun,YI Jun,et al.The power system cascading outage simulation and vulnerability analysis based on operational reliability model[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(5):1488-1494.

[12]田炎明.简析大面积停电事件配网调度应急转电处置[J].能源与节能，2015(2):14-16.

TIAN Yanming.Analysis on the emergent power transfer disposal of distribution network scheduling after large-scale power failure[J].Energy and Energy Conservation,2015(2):14-16.

[13]李庆生，李震，孙斌，等.考虑源荷储协调的高弹性配电网最优负荷转供方法[J].中国测试，2023,49(10):64-70.

LI Qingsheng,LI Zhen,SUN Bin,et al.Optimal load transfer method of high elastic distribution network considering coordination of source-load-storage[J].China Measurement&Test,2023,49(10):64-70.

[14]唐学军，韩佶，苗世洪，等.基于需求侧响应的多类型负荷协调控制模型[J].电力系统保护与控制，2017,45(16):116-123.

TANG Xuejun,HAN Ji,MIAO Shihong,et al.Coordinated control model of multi-type load based on demand response[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(16):116-123.

[15]王光华，李晓影，宋秉睿，等.基于深度强化学习的配电网负荷转供控制方法[J].电力自动化设备，2022,42(7):253-260.

WANG Guanghua,LI Xiaoying,SONG Bingrui,et al.Load transfer control method of distribution network based on deep reinforcement learning[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2022,42(7):253-260.

[16]邹彬，李玮，韩俊.基于Multi-Agent的智能配电网自愈系统研究[J].自动化与仪器仪表，2020(10):145-148.

ZOU Bin,LI Wei,HAN Jun.Research on self-healing system of intelligent distribution network based on Multi-Agent[J].Automation&Instrumentation,2020(10):145-148.

[17]刘健，贠保记，崔琪，等.一种快速自愈的分布智能馈线自动化系统[J].电力系统自动化，2010,34(10):62-66.

LIU Jian,YUN Baoji,CUI Qi,et al.A distributed intelligent feeder automation system with fast self-healing performance[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(10):62-66.

[18]陈思培.备自投装置隐患分析与防止对策[J].中国电力企业管理，2021(12):94-95.

CHEN Sipei. Analysis of hidden danger of standby automatic switching device and its preventive countermeasures[J].China Power Enterprise Management,2021(12):94-95.

[19]杨朝赟，张国平，张丰，等.特殊接线变电站10kV备自投设计原则及逻辑分析[J].电气技术，2021,22(7):83-88.

YANG Chaoyun,ZHANG Guoping,ZHANG Feng,et al.Design principle and logic analysis of 10kV backup automatic switching in special connection substation[J].Electrical Engineering,2021,22(7):83-88.

[20]陈勇，姚玉斌，夏翔，等.考虑备自投的地区电网静态安全分析设计与应用[J].电力系统自动化，2004,28(19):84-87.

CHEN Yong,YAO Yubin,XIA Xiang,et al.Design and application of static security analysis considering bats for a district power system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2004,28(19):84-87.

[21]杨浚文，吴文传，孙宏斌，等.一种基于EMS的广域备自投控制系统[J].电力系统自动化，2010,34(11):61-66.

YANG Junwen,WU Wenchuan,SUN Hongbin,et al.A wide-area automatic switchover system based on EMS[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(11):61-66.

[22]邱建，蔡泽祥，李爱民，等.基于N-1准则的备自投投退控制策略[J].电网技术，2009,33(8):66-71.

QIU Jian,CAI Zexiang,LI Aimin,et al.Analysis on control strategy of busbar automatic transfer switch based on N-1 criterion[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(8):66-71.

[23]阙波，陈蕾，刘家齐，等.配网大面积停电事故处理设计与实现[C]//2016智能电网发展研讨会论文集.北京，2016:229-234.

[24]王文林，张杰，万山景，等.变电站全停负荷智能转供策略研究与示范应用[J].农村电气化，2023(4):28-30.

WANG Wenlin,ZHANG Jie,WAN Shanjing,et al.Research and demonstration application of intelligent load transfer strategy in case of substation total shutdown[J].Rural Electrification,2023(4):28-30.

[25]吕超，费平平.电网负荷转供装置转供模式与当值策略实施研究[J].黑龙江电力，2023,45(5):407-410.

LYU Chao,FEI Pingping.Research on transfer mode and on-duty strategy implementation of power grid load transfer device[J].Heilongjiang Electric Power,2023,45(5):407-410.